Probiotics
have got beneficial effects on the health of humans. This is because
they have an action mechanism that is related to the capability to
compete for adhesion sites with microorganisms that are pathogenic. It
is this potential that probiotics have that has attracted many people's
attention. So far, some clinical studies have already been conducted.
According to the results, there is a suggestion that the probiotics are
indeed very useful in the prevention and the treatment of different oral
infections. This includes halitosis, periodontal disease, and dental
caries.
Human beings ingest many microorganisms that are living.
The most predominant ones are bacteria. The organisms are present in the
food and water that we take. However, they can also be added in food
over the processing period. They can be added to fermented milk, yogurt,
cheese, and even sausages.
For quite some time now, probiotic
bacteria's have been used in foods because of the benefits they possess
and their effect on health. The bacteria found in yoghurt as well as
milk products that are fermented constitute a very valuable probiotic
source. Most of the probiotics show great effectiveness, especially in
the treatment of infections and systematic diseases. These include Crohn
disease and acute diarrhea.
There are yet other studies that have
suggested that there is a potential application in handling cancers,
oropharyngeal infections, urogenital infections, and cardiovascular
diseases. Some probiotics are also very useful in dealing with issues
that arise due to the overuse of antibiotics especially when there is
bacterial resistance.
Characteristics
Probiotics are
living microorganisms. Principally, they are bacteria which are quite
safe for consumption, especially when sufficient quantities are
ingested. They have quite beneficial effects on health.
There are
guidelines and standards that are laid out in different jurisdictions
regarding probiotics and whether they are accepted as legitimate
products that are health related. To serve as a probiotic, the bacterial
strain needs to be characterized in full. It is necessary to identify
the genus as well as the species of such a microorganism and this should
be within the international standards.
Studies need to be
conducted so that the mechanism on how the bacteria works as a probiotic
can be established. This makes it possible to predict the scope of
where it can be applied and the potential ill effects it can have on
human health.
How they work
There are different
mechanisms that can be used to illustrate how the probiotics actually
act. The bacteria actually excrete different substances that are
antimicrobial like bacteriocins, hydrogen peroxide, and organic acids.
These bacteria's also compete with different pathogens for sites, which
are used for adhesion. Probiotics are also able to make modifications to
the environment around them by oxidation and pH modulation. It is these
changes that compromise how well pathogens are established. The
probiotics can also stimulate modulating and immunity of the cellular
and humoral immune response.
When the probiotics are combined, they add to the beneficial effects.
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