Monday, October 23, 2017

Choose the Right Material for Designing a Medical Device

Are you planning to design a medical device? Well, it is not that easy as one might think it to be. The most important aspect of medical device designing is the choice of material. One has to take a very wise decision while choosing the material as it can have a major aftermath during and after the production phase of the device.
Generally, materials like plastic, elastomers, and metals are available in abundance, which guarantees supreme quality and efficiency, along with safety at an affordable price. Apart from safety and availability issues, one might also check whether the material provides the designer the freedom to design and explore so that it can provide quick and affordable remedies to patients and users. This factor, in turn, attracts more and more customers to use the medical device.
Given these criteria, it sometimes becomes a very daunting task for the designer to choose the most appropriate material. Listed below are some of the points, which must be kept in mind while making a decision about the material of the medical device.
Availability: Make sure the material, which you are selecting, is available in abundance both for the present as well as future use that too from a reliable source. Otherwise, the sales and marketing potential of the device get heavily impacted due to the scarcity of the material.
Flexible to design: Since designing a medical device is all about innovation, thus the material chosen should be such that it can provide complete support to the designer. For example, plastics can be molded into different form and shapes making it easier to work with.
Cost per unit: When it comes to manufacturing a large number of medical devices the cost per unit also becomes an important criterion, which governs the choice of material. Such a material should be chosen which does not add up to the overall cost of the device.
Performance properties: The most important of them all is the performance of the device. The performance of the device depends on various standards like strength, resistance to high temperature and other mechanical factors. Thus, a material which is competent enough to handle these must be selected.
Regulatory compliance: One can always seek advice from manufacturing service partners who would be able to provide you an entire list of medical grades plastics and elastomers which meet compliance standards of all countries.
Since the material can affect the performance and cost of the device, keep these points in mind which would help you to make a wise choice.
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The Real Dangers of Sugar

How healthy is our food nowadays?
As modern society continues to find ways to make food production cheaper and faster, the quality of our food also continues to decline.
There is a very real reason why there are now advocacies against processed food. It seems that food manufacturers have completely forgotten their ethical obligation to consumer health by ignoring warnings from the medical establishment about adding too much sugar and preservatives to food.
What's happening to processed food?
These past few years, consumer wellness organizations have monitored a steady climb in the amount of additives that manufacturers add to common food items and beverages like bread, soda and even yogurt.
That's why it's best to keep away from any food or beverage that lasts more than a week in the cupboard. Imagine what they put in food that can last for 2 years in storage!
How much sugar are we really consuming?
The amount of sugar present in our food nowadays is especially worrying because current medical studies have uncovered some very real dangers of regularly consuming table sugar.
Refined sugars and HFCS (high fructose corn syrup) can be found in pancake mixes, chocolate, candies, cured meats, potato snacks, cupcakes, marshmallows and almost any other food or beverage that you can think of.
A single serving of regular soda contains an average of 10 teaspoons of table sugar. If you think that isn't much, try consuming 10 teaspoons of sugar at home. Do you feel nauseated already? That's what soda companies have been using to flavor sodas for more than four decades now.
Some forty years ago, people thought that consuming table sugar only increased your likelihood of developing bad teeth and diabetes.
Newer studies have now linked sugar to numerous health conditions, including metabolic syndrome and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
As a natural health advocate advocate, I want to emphasize the importance of having the latest information on the food that we eat to help people make better food choices every day.
What are the real dangers of sugar?
Sugar is one of the deadliest additives in food today. Here's why:
Heart Threat - Sugar has been shown to affect the involuntary muscle activity of the heart. A molecule found in ordinary table sugar called G6P has a negative impact on the heart tissue at the cellular level.
Excess consumption of sugar and a sedentary lifestyle can increase a person's risk of developing heart failure. Heart failure often claims people's lives in less than a decade after diagnosis.
Belly Fat - There has been an alarming rise in obesity rates in teenagers and small children these past few decades. One of the major contributing factors to this trend is an increase in the consumption of fructose. Fructose is an inexpensive form of sugar used in soda, ice cream, cookies and even bread products.
Fructose appears to boost the growth of visceral fat or the fat found in our midsections. When a child develops mature visceral fat early in life, he/she has a higher risk of being obese in adulthood.
Deadly Appetite - Our bodies are naturally equipped with mechanisms that tell us when to stop eating. Studies show that sugar has found a way to suspend those natural mechanisms. Consuming foods and beverages rich in sugar contributes to the development of a condition called leptin resistance.
When a person has leptin resistance, they don't feel full and satisfied with moderate amounts of food, so they continue consuming excessive amounts of food every time they eat.
Our bodies also have a tough time detecting the presence of sugar in beverages. It's difficult for the body to send a signal that you already consumed a lot of calories from soda or juices because this substance just doesn't register the same way as other types of food.
Toxic to the Liver - Excessive consumption of table sugar and other variants like high fructose corn syrup can disturb normal liver function, which can then lead to liver disease. Medical researchers have discovered that fructose and other sugars make use of the same metabolic channels that ethanol uses, which makes it just as dangerous as alcohol.
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Your Guide To Staying Fit And Healthy Well Into Old Age

Are you facing mid-life feeling sluggish, fatigued and generally overweight? Don't assume that it's all downhill from here. You can stay fit and healthy well into old age - if you decide to make some important lifestyle changes. Now is the time to take action!
Ask yourself the following questions:-
  1. Why do some people fare better in old age than others?
  2. Why is it that some people in their 70s and 80s are able to lead a healthy and active life, free from disease, whilst others become frail and dependent on family members?
Could it be down to luck - or does it have anything to do with the lifestyle choices they have made?It is true that some people may have a genetic disposition to illness that can not be easily prevented. However, the majority of people who suffer from age related illness may not have given enough attention to their overall health, especially during their mid-life years.
Aging has an impact on our health and vitality. We know that at around age 35 our heart rate begins to dip slightly. Between the ages of 47-51 most women begin to experience life changes associated with the menopause. As we progress past our 50s, our memory, balance and muscle mass begin to wane.
Regardless of general ageing, the main cause of many illnesses is largely due to poor diet, harmful levels of stress and a lack of physical and mental exercise. By choosing to change bad mid-life habits into good ones, you can delay or even prevent illnesses like, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes and dementia.
Below the age of 40 it is possible, to some extent, to get away with poor lifestyle choices. Excess alcohol intake, smoking and a poor diet are largely compensated for by the youthful body. After 40 though, you need to take greater care of yourself. If you have arrived at age 40, with the belief that it is normal to lose physical fitness and gain weight, then your mindset may encourage what is known as middle age spread. In reality, this is an increase in visceral fat, often linked to high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, heart disease and strokes.
Research has shown that between the age of 40 and 60, at least two-thirds of the UK population will suffer with some form of chronic health issue, or at least one long-term illness. Yet, to a large degree, many of these diseases can be avoided.
Mid-life is definitely not a downhill course. Instead, it gives you the chance to view life with a more positive outlook. You owe it to yourself to develop a greater chance of having an active and disease-free lifestyle, while living to a ripe old age.
Here are 4 suggestions that you can work on, if you want to avoid the risk of a debilitating disease later in life.
Take care of your teeth and gums - This may seem obvious, but oral hygiene plays a major part in our long-term health, especially as we age. Brushing and flossing after meals can help to prevent inflammation and the buildup of plaque in both the gums and body. Blood vessels which supply blood and oxygen to the heart and brain can become narrowed or restricted when plaque is present in the body. This can lead to a heart attack, stroke or early onset of dementia. Keeping your teeth & gums healthy can significantly improve your health.
Maintain a healthy diet - Ensure that the food you eat has a positive effect on overall health. Always check food labels to ensure products are low in salt, sugar and saturated fats. Foods high in these will raise your bad cholesterol, clog your arteries and increase your risk of diseases. A diet rich in lean protein, fresh fruit, vegetables and oily fish can guarantee you good health. Try to prepare and cook your own meals as often as possible. There are several good cookery books and programmes which show how to make healthy meals within minutes. Drink plenty of water daily and reduce your alcohol intake.
Exercise your mind and body regularly - It is never too late to start taking part in daily physical and mental exercises. Obviously, no one will be expecting you to run your first marathon, or to appear on mastermind. However, physical exercises like, using the stairs frequently, brisk walking, stretching or joining a gym can be beneficial in helping to keep your body in good working order. If you do join a gym, protect your wrists, hands and back. Indulging in a new hobby and reading or completing puzzles can help keep your mind sharp and alert.
Relax & Sleep well - Dealing with personal, family and work issues can be stressful. Coping with extreme stress can be detrimental to health. Taking time out of your busy day to relax and unwind is crucial. Try to find a period of each day to unwind in a quiet place. Consider meditation or controlled breathing exercises, these will all help to clear your mind. Later in the evening, enjoy a long soak in the bath before heading off to bed.
No one wants to become a burden to their close ones due to poor health issues in later life. Imagine being in total control of your life as you age. Mid-life is a perfect time to evaluate your lifestyle and make those all important health changes. Seize that opportunity.
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How to Achieve a Healthy Diet

Here's an important factor that has a huge impact on your overall fitness level and general wellness: your diet.
What is a "diet?"
The word "diet" means "a collection of food items that a person regularly eats."
Every person has a current diet. If you know someone who eats cheesy potatoes and cheeseburgers six days a week, that's still considered a diet (admittedly, a very unhealthy one).
If you want to slim down and tone up, start by examining the composition of your present diet to determine how many calories you are consuming per day. Analyzing your current diet can also reveal if you are getting enough essential nutrients, water and dietary fiber.
What is a quality diet?
A quality diet provides a balanced mix of macronutrients and micronutrients in the right amounts. Here is a quick recap of the essential nutrients that our bodies need to function normally:
Macronutrients
Protein - Protein repairs and builds muscle tissues. People who regularly perform cardio and weight training need sufficient protein to build lean muscle mass.
Both male and female bodybuilders consume large quantities of protein-rich food to ensure that fat stores are kept to a minimum and that muscle size and strength are maintained.
Carbohydrates - Carbohydrates are the main fuel of the body. Our bodies transform carbohydrates into glucose, a usable form of sugar. The body can also store glucose in the muscles.
When glucose is stored in the muscles, it's transformed into a substance called glycogen.
It may be more difficult to lose weight if you completely remove carbohydrates from your diet because the body needs carbs as its primary energy source.
Fat - Fat performs numerous important functions in the body, including vitamin absorption, transport and storage.
It also creates a padding around the muscles that acts as a shock absorber. Fat also improves a person's thermoregulation and prevents too much heat from escaping the body especially during cold weather.
Excess calories from food are stored in our fat tissues. When we lose weight, we don't actually "burn off" fat cells. Our fat cells simply shrink as the excess fat is burned off through exercise and other physical activities.
Water - Keeping your body hydrated is easy! All you will ever need is pure water. My personal rule for hydration is equally easy to remember. If you're thirsty, reach for water 99% of the time.
If you drink soda, start reducing your daily consumption and replace it with water. You'll soon feel more energized because your body is not under the constant influence of diuretics found in soda.
Dietary Fiber - Dietary fiber plays a crucial role in maintaining cardiovascular and digestive health.
Fiber has the ability to block some of the lipids or "bad cholesterol" from being absorbed by the body.
Insoluble fiber on the other hand (fiber that cannot be digested by the body) acts as a cleaning machine inside the colon and helps you clear your colon effortlessly.
Micronutrients
Vitamins - Vitamins are used by the body to maintain normal growth and development. Vitamins also enhance major and minor functions within the body such as eyesight and skin growth.
Minerals - Minerals are inorganic substances derived from the food we eat. The body cannot naturally create minerals.
You have to make sure that you are getting enough minerals from your diet. Essential minerals include calcium, iron, potassium and zinc. Minerals naturally occur in meats, vegetables and fruits.
How do you know if you are getting enough nutrients?
Losing weight does not mean you have to sacrifice your nutrition. Weight loss actually comes naturally when you modify your diet and add more of the best food on the planet like beans, legumes, green leafy vegetables, cruciferous vegetables, etc.
Superfoods like spinach and broccoli provide only a modest amount of calories in every serving so it would be challenging to "overeat" when your diet is comprised of at least 85% healthy, whole food. Usually, it's the nutrient-deficient food items like candy bars and hamburgers that are responsible for caloric overload in a person's diet.
Be mindful of what you eat (even when you're just snacking) and you just might discover the food items that are making you gain weight!
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Monday, October 9, 2017

Importance Of Health And Fitness

Health And Fitness:
Mostly people do not realize, the importance of good health. As someone said, Health is wealth. Better health is essential for daily tasks. When discussing about health, many people consider the condition of their bodies and forget about their minds. While, health is not only being free from physical aspects. It also means being healthy in mind too. An unhealthy mind brings about an unhealthy body. Good mental health helps you to benefit as much as possible from life and enjoy it. Good mental health offers you a feeling of well-being and the inner strength needed in times of bad position. Everyone knows how to care for their bodies. This is done almost every day by the great part of people. Exercise and eating the proper foods are the right ways of keeping the body healthy. A healthy mind requires a lot of work, in addition, a combination of the right foods and exercise.
The following factors which will greatly affect your health.
Exercise As Young Adults Lowers Heart Health Decades Later:
Young adults who exercise may have a lower risk of cardiovascular illness and higher survival chances decades later. Fitness has long been linked to a reduced risk of heart disease in older adults. The new study, in any case, that workout routines started years before cardiovascular problems are usually encountered may help keep them from creating in any case.
Lifting Weights Builds Mental Muscle That Gives You Health:
Older adults who have psychological disability or could be at risk towards the weight room. A study by researchers in Australia has found that dynamic quality preparing is useful in boosting brain power. The study tested 100 adults aged 55 and older who had been determined to have mellow psychological weakness. According to the Mayo Clinic, MCI affects memory, thinking and also judgment behind normal levels of age-related decline. The condition may build a person's risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
Dieting Success May Lead To Better Health:
Ability to self-manage a healthy body weight may depend on individual brain structure, say scientists in a recent study looking connections between executive control and reward areas in the brain.
Obesity and dieting:
Obesity and dieting are progressively basic in contemporary society, and many dieters struggle to lose excess weight. An examination paper in Cognitive Neuroscience reports that eating less may be easier for some people.
Chronic dieters:
Chronic dieters are known to indicate increase reactions to food in executive control and reward areas of the brain. Additionally having depleted cognitive control and higher tendency to over reward themselves with high- calorie foods in real-life conditions.
Eating healthy, after all, is not about losing your ability to enjoy your life. It's a reason of gaining so many things that will affect you for the rest of your life: a longer life, the ability to enjoy foods that it does for you.
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Time to Think About What We Eat - 10 Foods Which Are a Definite No-No for Everyone

Certainly, you are what you eat. Your foremost step towards a healthy lifestyle is to realize that most NOT to eat foods are often tasty, but killers. While grain products, caffeine and alcoholic beverages are well known unhealthy foods with great taste, the list does not end there. There are many unhealthy foods that you must be avoiding, but for now here, we would like to highlight 10 food products to be avoided by everyone.
Keep reading!
1. Artificial sweetener- the bitter sweet substitute
The artificial sweeteners and other sugar substitutes termed sugar-free may indeed help you cut down calories, but definitely are not magic bullets. While they work well for weight management, they are venomous to your health. Ironically, these zero calories products, for your waistline are as bad as the high calorie- sugar. A recent research conducted at the University of Texas, where two mice were fed with artificial sweetener and free-diet respectively, proves to be an evident justification to this statement. It was found that the mice fed with artificial sweetener had higher blood sugar level than the one left on free-diet. One of the major side effects found by excessive use of artificial sweeteners is a fluid loss in the human body.
So, it's time now that you to give this unhealthy product a thumbs down and switch to a natural and organic sugar substitute- honey.
2. Margarine- better than butter, but not best
Margarine is prepared using vegetable oil, and for this reason it has been considered a healthy substitute for butter. The myth buster here is, that though margarine has comparably less cholesterol and saturated fat than butter, the high salt content and trans fat in margarine causes severe clogging of arteries in the human body. The saturated fat present in margarine increases blood cholesterol level, eventually leading us to heart diseases- dietary experts say. If you are looking for a softer and healthier spread, taking reference from nutritionists, we suggest you to go for sources that contain monounsaturated fat (olive oil is the best bet).
3. Frosting-the icing not so cool
We know that it's difficult to resist that tempting icing on cakes and cookies, but for your good health, you got to bid farewell to that fancy frosting. Researches say that frosting is the only item in the grocery stores today that has huge amount of trans fats, and trans fat, is an enemy of your body shape. Moreover, trans fat reduces good cholesterol and increases bad cholesterol, giving way to rapid development of belly fat and heart diseases. So, when you see that delicious cake coming to you at the party, force yourself to say-please, no frosting!
4. Processed baked food- easy for plate, uneasy for stomach
Those pre-packaged yummy baked food products undeniably give you effortless food on plate, but what to your stomach? As these food products are created aiming longer shelf life, they contain high sugar content and preservatives to keep them eatable for quite a time. Their unhealthy ingredients cause skin inflammation, increase calories in your body and also build unwanted fat around your glands. Also, they are not easy to digest. Instead of picking this unwholesome wrapped stuff, kill your snack desires by grabbing some fresh fruit.
5. Food Dyes- a rainbow of risks
Food colors or dyes might make food tempting and presentably good, but they are a major reason for the increasing cases of food poisoning in children today. The severity of food dyes have been so vast that many health advocates tried to band food dyes because of their adverse effects on human and animals, both. It was found that certain food dyes contain synthetic chemicals and contaminants that cause cancer. Take those toxic food color bottles off your kitchen shelve now and make use of leftover fruits and vegetables to add in that good look to your food.
6. Starch Food- friend to energy, foe to health
While there are still debates going on whether to eat all starchy food or not, experts say that health is best when one refrains from starchy foods like pasta, rice, bread, French fries, cakes and cookies, etc. All these foods, though seem good for extracting nutrients, they are high in starch. Scientifically, some starches metabolize quicker than sugar, causing rapid increase in the blood sugar. Studies have proved that starchy foods also contain a chemical called acrylamide, which, when inhaled in large amounts leads to severe brain and sensory diseases. Now that you know you have been eating a lot unhealthy stuff all the while, scratch of that starchy food product from your dinner menu and switch to a no-starch diet today.
7. Soda- a bottle of sugary acid
Do you know that when you drink Soda, you drink nothing but a can of water with about 10 packets of sugar in it?! Besides having high sugar content, this not so healthy drink also contains carbonic acid- a very corrosive ingredient, just enough to damage your health. Also, caffeine in soda reduces calcium from bones, which eventually weakens your bones and in severe cases, it leads to dysfunction of the bones as well. The good old fashioned H2O is always the best way to quench your thirst, but if desire something flavorful, squeeze in some citrus fruits for a relishing and relaxing taste.
8. Soya Sauce- poisons slowly and secretly
Soy sauce- a hidden ingredient which has known to cause more disasters to health than any other sauces. Though soya contains less calories and has certain good vitamins, the high sodium content in soya is the sole reason it must be taken off your ingredient list. Nutrition experts say that most cases of skin inflammation, bloating and hypertension in the human body are a consequence of eating products containing soya sauce. Replace soya sauce with a healthier option- the maple syrup; and believe us, you won't know the difference in taste!
9. Dairy Products- all that's white, is not always right
Over the years you may have been taught that dairy products are good for your health but, let us correct you here. Dairy products are good for energy, but certainly not for health. After extensive researches and surveys, US dietary experts have come to conclusion that dairy products build saturated fats in human body. These saturated fats not only cause problems like obesity and indigestion, but also are a huge risk to your heart. Instead of choosing whole dairy products keep yourself healthy, switch to skim or low-fat dairy products.
10. Theatre Popcorn- the calorie bombs
The interval of that movie is not for you to go and gobble up calories, so why those calorie bombs- popcorn?! It has been found that theatre popcorn is prepared using coconut oil, which consists about 90% of saturated fat. Ironically, even when you eat a medium sized theatre popcorn tub, you consume calories equivalent to three fast-food burgers and going worse, a saturated fat equivalent to a full stick of butter. Thus, make your movie breaks healthier by ordering some healthy snack or an energy drink to keep you relished all through.
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Monday, October 2, 2017

Restrict or Liberalize? Therapeutic Diets for Older Adults With Cardiovascular Disease

Richard is an 88 year old male who was hospitalized post myocardial infarction (MI) for placement of a stent and management of heart failure. Other than a diagnosis of hypertension which has been under control with medications since age 70, he had been healthy and living independently with his wife in their home. Prior to the MI, he was eating a regular diet and either walking or using a stationary bike daily. However since the MI, his cardiologist has drastically restricted his physical activity, and ordered a low fat, low cholesterol, 2 gram sodium diet. His medications include 75 mg atenolol daily, 40 mg Lasix twice a day, 80 mg Lipitor daily, 8 mg warfarin daily, 75 mg Clopidogrel daily, and 80 mg low dose aspirin daily.
At 5'5" tall, normally 145#, he has gradually lost weight and is now down to 106#. Although his food intake is only fair, his cardiologist emphasized the need for a low sodium diet and daily weights to monitor for fluid shifts. His wife is overwhelmed and his daughter is nervous about how to shop and prepare for his meals.
Knowing that almost 20% of older adults are readmitted to the hospital within 30 days of discharge (1), assuring Richard receives good advice is essential. He will be returning home with his 88-year old wife, who is overwhelmed and nervous about preparing his food and with limited help from family. How should you counsel Richard?
Malnutrition Concerns
Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) recommendations for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in older adults vary based on diagnosis, age and risk of malnutrition. For frail older adults, unintended weight loss, malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty are genuine concerns. These conditions can lead to reduced functional ability and increased dependence, so preventing these complications is critical. Consuming nourishing food to prevent further decline is a major focus.
Health care providers mean well by ordering therapeutic diets to improve health, but in frail elderly, these diets can have a negative effect on the variety, flavor, and palatability of food. This can reduce enjoyment of eating, decrease food intake and lead to complications that could affect quality of life and longevity. It is critical to individualize nutrition interventions to assure the highest level of well-being for each person, and in many cases that means avoiding strict therapeutic diets. According to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (Academy) Evidence Analysis Library, more liberal diets are associated with increased food and beverage intake in older adults (2).
Medical Nutrition Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults
A risk factor for cardiovascular disease, hypertension affects approximately 64-78.5% of older adults (3). Lowering blood pressure can help reduce risk for stroke, MI, heart failure, and renal disease. For people 60 years or older, blood pressure (BP) goals are <150 systolic and <90 diastolic BP (<140 and <90 for people with diabetes and/or CDK). All adults with hypertension should modify their lifestyles in conjunction with pharmacological treatment (4). To maintain nutritional status, older adults may need a more liberal approach to sodium restriction, especially if they are already frail (5).
Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of hospitalization among older adults in the U.S., and more than 50% of HF patients are readmitted within 6 months of hospital discharge (6). Treatment includes medications, a reduced sodium diet, and daily physical activity (7). A 2000 mg sodium, 2000 mL fluid restriction is typically prescribed (8), however recent evidence indicates that intake of 2700-3000 mg sodium daily may decrease hospital readmissions and mortality in patients with compensated CHF (9).
Current guidelines for older with atherosclerotic heart disease recommend a focus on overall risk factors rather than specific parameters for blood lipid levels (10). It is unclear whether or not modification of blood lipids is effective to prevent CVD in older adults (11). Lipid levels can be controlled by medications while allowing an older person to enjoy food.
How Should Richard be Counseled?
In Richard's case, dietary changes should be balanced with his condition, prognosis, threat of malnutrition and cardiac cachexia, and individual food preferences. Richard should be counselled on eating healthfully to help maintain his health and focus on enjoying his meals. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating pattern, or a Mediterranean style diet are all good eating patterns for Richard. If Richard's food intake is poor or he is resistant to these suggestions, a more individualized eating pattern that includes his favorite foods may be needed, even if those favorites are high in sodium or fat.
The Bottom Line for Older Adults with CVD
It is important to assure person directed choice when working with older adults. Decisions should be informed and in coordination with the individual's goals, preferences and choices. Most older adults with CVD can benefit from a diet based on the DGA which is moderate in fat, cholesterol, sodium, and added sugars. Evidence suggests that frail older adults often need a less restrictive diet to offset the risks of unintended weight loss and malnutrition.
Widely-known as one of the nation's leading experts on nutrition and long-term care issues, Becky Dorner is an enthusiastic, dynamic, innovative leader who motivates and inspires people into action. She is President of Becky Dorner & Associates, Inc., which publishes and presents CEU programs and information on nutrition care for older adults; and Nutrition Consulting Services, Inc. which employs RDs and DTRs to provide services to health care facilities in Ohio (since 1983).
Becky's mission to improve care for older adults has inspired her to present more than 500 programs for national, international and state professional meetings; and to publish more than 260 manuals, CEU programs and practical articles for professional journals and newsletters. Becky currently serves on the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (Academy) Board of Directors and as Speaker-elect of the House of Delegates.
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What Will You Consider While Selecting a Hospital for Treatment?

In an emergency situation, there is usually no choice, but to rush to the nearest hospital for treatment. But, when you have enough time at hand and need to select a hospital for the treatment of a particular ailment, make sure that you research well and do your homework before you finalize one.
Here are a few things to take into consideration:
Research on patient experiences
Patient experiences are a very important deciding factor when it comes to selecting a hospital for treatment. Existing patients already know the ins and outs of what kind of patient care they received at a particular hospital and can be your best advisers to select a hospital. They can tell you about the doctors, nurses and their expertise as well as the support staff. They can also tell you about the cleanliness in the hospital and their overall experience during their stay there.
Find out patient outcomes
Well, patient outcomes need to be considered while selecting a hospital for treatment. Make sure that you do your homework and research a few hospitals based on their patient outcomes. A good place to start your research will be on the internet. There are a number of websites that rate hospitals of a particular area based on these factors. Reading reviews of existing customers could also give you a good idea.
Check out hospital ratings
Once you have shortlisted a few hospitals in your area, make sure that you check out their ratings. Although it's a known fact that ratings aren't an absolute factor for selection of a hospital, it's a good place to start. Selecting a hospital that has been rated as the best by a reviewing authority instills confidence in your mind about the treatment you will receive there.
Compare hospitals
In today's world, it's very easy to find all the relevant information in one place and compare the hospitals that you have shortlisted. You can compare the specialties available, the doctors who are on board and on call, as well as the quality of the overall services provided including the administrative staff and the safety practices. You can even compare the prices for the treatment or surgery that you would like to avail.
Specialty care
There are a few hospitals that provide specialty care and some that are multispecialty. It's not that one kind is better than the other. Each one of these hospitals has their own advantages and disadvantages. Specialty hospitals are highly focused and can provide you with everything that is essential for your treatment, but in case there is further treatment required, a transfer to another hospital may be required. With multispecialty hospitals the patient is simply transferred from one department to another and is taken care of within the hospital premises itself.
It is important that you take into consideration all of the above factors before you finalize a hospital for treatment. Do your homework and research well and then select the one most suitable for your particular requirement.
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A Few Kismis a Day Keep Wrinkles Away

Raisins, or kismis/kishmish as they are called in India, are dried grapes. There are as many kinds of kismis as there are grape varieties- green, purple, red, even champagne, to name some. The most common kismis are made from the seedless, green grapes called 'Thompson Seedless'.
Kismis are made from grapes by a three step process which involves pre-treatment, drying, and post-drying.
Getting under the skin
Kismis are little purses of nutrients.
They are 72% sugars like glucose and fructose and good energisers. They also contain dietary fibre, are high in certain antioxidants, low in sodium, and contain no cholesterol. They are also rich in potassium and magnesium.
Glowing skin means fit within
The skin is the biggest organ of the human body. We always say "glowing with good health". The real secret to great skin is good health and proper nourishment.
Kismis contain fibre that swells in the presence of water. This makes them a good digestive aid to keep bowel movements regular and thus rid the body of waste.
The potassium and magnesium content in kismis helps to reduce acidity and thus maintain the pH balance of the body in general, and the stomach, in particular. This is essential for healthy bodily functions. It also neutralises stomach acid which in turns reflects in a healthy and blemish-free skin.
Raisins are also loaded with iron, B-complex and copper: all good for the production of blood and the prevention of anaemia. Pale, flaky skin is often the result of low blood counts. A handful of kismis a day will work more wonders than all the beauty aids and skin care products that money can buy!
Black kismis, in particular, aids the liver in flushing out toxins. A clean body means clear skin.
The amino acids (proteins) and vitamins in kismis help in renewing skin cells. All those sun-damaged cells slough off and are replaced by their younger cousins. At the same time, the phytochemicals in kismis protect skin cells from the damage caused by the rays of the sun. Eating a handful of kismis will help to keep your skin young this way.
The antioxidants in kismis speed up skin repair and 'plump' out skin cells - like when you fluff a pillow. Kismis works magic by making fine lines, wrinkles and skin blemishes disappear.
Commercial= Cash
Unfortunately for the human race, quick bucks are the prime consideration in most ventures even at the cost of good health. This is true of commercial production of kismis too.
Have you ever seen grapes in the market? They have a liberal coat of white powdery pesticide which clings to them even after several washes. All this is transferred to kismis. Pesticide residues restrict the liver's ability to process toxins and flush them out of the body.
Commercially grown kismis are also treated with sulfites to enhance their colour. This aggravates and causes asthma, respiratory and other allergies.
Grapes can be organically grown by using biofertilizers like manure and vermicompost. Pests can be kept away by using natural predators like ladybugs and praying mantises, bio-pesticides like a mix of neem oil and soapy water, and baited traps for common grape pests like aphids and flea beetles. Chemical-free grapes mean chemical free kismis. This is what the discerning consumer should buy.
Buy organic to reap the full benefits of kismis.
Uses
In truth, kismis can be enjoyed straight out of the container- neat!
Kismis are used in salads, in baked items like cakes and cookies, in confectionery and desserts.
They are fried and used to garnish both savoury dishes like pulao and sweets like halwas and kheers.
They can be used as healthy additions to breakfast cereals like muesli and homemade granola bars.
How to buy and store
It would be best to buy an organic brand of kismis which well-sealed packing to protect from moisture and moulds.
Choose kismis that are plump and fleshy; this dried out specimens are low quality. There is neither taste nor benefit in eating them.
Make sure that the stock is not old and is free from insect pests: humans are not the only connoisseurs of kismis!
Not only is kismis great for your skin, but it is also great for your overall health. The American College of Cardiology has recommended that eating raisins/kismis three times a day lowers blood pressure significantly. The next time you want to eat a snack or something sweet, don't pop that chocolate or those chips in your mouth. Just treat yourself to a handful of kismis.
Now that you know the secret to good health and glowing skin, buy a good organic brand of kismis right away!
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How to Be Your Best Physical Self, and Stay That Way

Do you try repeatedly to lose weight, but always fail in the long term?
Do you try fad diets, extreme workout regimens, or products on the diet market only to drop the routine or have weight return?
You are not alone.
Every year hundreds of thousands of people go on crash diets only to be disappointed with their results. Researchers at UCLA have found that dieting is not only ineffective, but can often make you gain more weight that you originally had after a small loss of usually only 5-10%.
In the United States, inactivity is a serious problem. It is extremely important to know that a person does not have to run a mile every day to be fit and healthy.
Finding reasons to walk a mile by adding up daily steps, such as parking slightly further away from the mall or taking the stairs instead of the escalator, will end up burning exactly the same amount of calories.
Many people who struggle with their weight do not understand this; they see it as all or nothing. People who do not enjoy going to the gym or engaging in vigorous activity then see exercise as something beyond their reach.
Exercise is only one part of the problem, and in fact, diet is the largest component of weight loss. People who have unhealthy relationships with food can struggle to keep themselves at their ideal weight. When food is sought for comfort or pleasure more than for nutrition and sustenance, recurring issues with weight gain and body image can inevitably result.
Many people do not actually understand their own bodies caloric and macronutrient requirements so they often overeat or indulge in the wrong types of foods.
Many people actually believe certain things they eat to be 'healthy' without understanding the key differences between nutritional benefits and caloric intake.
These people then eat the wrong foods in the wrong amounts; often believing they are doing the right thing. They are then shocked to learn they have not lost weight but often gain extra.
When they indulge in foods they believe are 'wrong,' they also feel shame and self-hatred, causing a downward spiral to more binge eating and an increasingly negative relationship with food.
Does any of this sound like you? Perhaps a wellness health coach is the solution to your problems.
What can a wellness health coach offer you?
Wellness health coaches are professionals who cater to individuals who have histories of diet and fitness regimes failing. They are sought out by people of all ages who struggle to reach their weight loss, health and fitness goals.
Wellness health coaches can help you by improving your relationship with food, teaching you how to exercise in ways that you will enjoy and actually sustain, and helping you to love and respect your body overall.
The objective of any good wellness health coach is to help you be your best physical self - and stay that way.
A Wellness health coach can help you to:
  • Set measurable, realistic goals for your health and fitness
  • Understand why your diets and fitness plans have previously failed
  • Have better relationships with food and exercise
  • See yourself in a more positive light
  • Learn to love your body
  • Reduce stress
  • Create long term healthy habits
  • Exercise in ways that you enjoy
  • Become stronger, leaner and happier
  • Receive ongoing encouragement, motivation and support
Remember - there are no quick fixes when it comes to having a healthy body and lifestyle. Sustainability and long-term commitment are the keys to being the best you possible!
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Test, Procedures and Treatments of Epilepsy

The common tests are done to diagnose Epilepsy are:
1. A complete physical and neurological examination of muscle strength, reflexes, eyesight, hearing, and ability to detect various sensations
2. Blood tests to check your general health and to rule out other possible causes for your seizures, such as low blood sugar levels or diabetes.
3. An electrocardiogram (ECG) test to record the electrical activity in the heart.
4. An electroencephalogram (EEG) tests to measure electrical impulses in the brain.
5. Imaging studies of the brain, such as magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)
6. Other tests, if required might include magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
Treatment for Epilepsy
1. Medication
Epilepsy is mainly treated by medication, which particularly includes anticonvulsant drugs. Doctors prescribe medication for Epilepsy depending upon several factors such as the frequency and severity of the seizures and the person's age, his overall general health, and medical history. An accurate diagnosis of the type of epilepsy is also critical to choosing the best treatment. There are several drugs available to treat epilepsy. Brand name anticonvulsants are most preferred by doctors but many insurance companies may not cover the cost hence, it is better to start taking a generic anticonvulsant medication. But remember, if the desired control is not achieved the patient should start taking the brand name drug. Different types of epilepsy vary vastly, the use of medication in general can control seizures in about 70% of patients. Some of the commonly used medicines for Epilepsy are Dilantin or Phenytek, Phenobarbital, Tegretol or Carbatrol, Mysoline, Zarontin, Depakene, Depakote, Depakote ER, Valium and similar tranquilizers such as Tranxene and Klonopin, Felbatol, Gabitril, Keppra, Lamictal, Lyrica, Neurontin, Topamax,Trileptal and Zonegran.
Side effects of medication
The drugs used to treat epilepsy have certain side effects. Depending upon the dose, type of medication and the course of treatment the side effects vary. Patients with higher doses usually have more side effects, but they tend to lessen with time as the body adjusts to the medication. There are three types of side effects -
• Common side effects - These side effects occur with any epilepsy drug because it effects the nervous system. These side effects include blurry or double vision, fatigue, sleepiness, unsteadiness, and stomach upset.
• Idiosyncratic side effects- These are rare and unpredictable reactions which are not dose-related which are mostly seen as skin rashes, low blood cell counts, and liver problems.
• Unique side effects- These are those that are not shared by other drugs in the same class. Your doctor will discuss any unique side effects before prescribing the medication.
In certain types of epilepsy, after a few years of medication the patients might be relieved of the treatment while some other might need a lifelong treatment. Patients who are seizure free for a certain period are recommended for a reevaluation to make sure the discontinuation of medicines. Remember, there are a few exceptions! Discontinuing a medication also depends on more than the length of the seizure-free period.
2. Surgery
Surgery is done to remove a small part of the brain which is the main cause of the epilepsy. Surgery is considered only when seizures cannot be controlled with medication, especially focal seizures. However, Surgery is possible only for a minority of people with epilepsy. Surgery can have its own factors of risks as well.
3. Vagal nerve stimulation
Vagal nerve stimulation treatment is done by implanting a small generator under the skin below the left collarbone. The vagus nerve is stimulated to reduce the frequency and intensity of seizures. This treatment might be suitable for certain patients with seizures that are difficult to control with medication.
4. The Ketogenic diet
This is a diet which is very high in fat, low in protein and almost carbohydrate-free. This diet can be effective in the treatment of difficult-to-control seizures in some children.
There are some other complementary therapies such as aromatherapy that may help the patient to relax and relieve stress. But, they have not been proven effective to control or in preventing seizures. Some patients suffering from epilepsy grow anxious or depressed due to their condition. In such cases, counseling might help to overcome such situations.
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Complications and Successful Outcomes of Cardiac Surgery of Infants

Many conditions which require a surgery can be dealt with by fairly simple methods. Others can only be done using the heart-lung bypass machine which is known as the 'open heart' surgery. The machine will take over the work of the patient's heart and lungs while the surgeon operates inside the heart itself. This type of surgery involves different risks which are not necessarily high than that as in the case of another type of heart surgeries. Particular problems relating to individual cases will be discussed with parents when surgery is being considered for their child.
There might be complications from heart surgery, but nowadays, with improved technology in surgical procedures the risk of complications is continually being reduced. Complications mainly depend on the type of surgery being performed and it completely varies for every child according to the problems that will require surgery. The risk of complication in heart surgery procedures are very low, specifically, death risks or serious complications are less than 3%. In most of the cases, children who undergo heart surgeries keep well. They might have to spend a few days in hospital but can get back to their regular activities in some time.
However, some of the possible complications of heart surgery are noted below:
1. There are chances for bleeding around the area of the surgery which can require transfusion or even re-operation. But, the chances and need for this is only about 2%
2. Infections in the surgical area, lungs and bloodstream.
3. In some cases, there might be a fluid collection in the chest or around the heart. This might require drains to be inserted.
4. Poor heart functioning is another complication, this might be due to the condition itself or the surgery or maybe both. Heart Valves can be damaged, though it is rarely found in patients.
5. Kidney failure is a very complication and can be almost recovered with a period of dialysis. This is more common in newborns.
6. A stroke is another rare complication and children tend to recover better than adults. It can be due to a period of low blood flow to the brain or a blood clot or air bubble.
7. In newborns, there are chances for intestinal damage. In such cases, the child might be recommended to intravenous feeding and will have to be on antibiotics for few weeks. Sometimes it is necessary to perform intestinal surgery.
8. Chances of nerve damage are also another possible complication.
Remember, these are some of the possible risks of a Heart surgery in children and this can vary according to the type of surgery performed. Your surgeon will discuss all the complications related to the type of surgery being performed for your child right in advance before the surgery.
After the surgery, most of the children who have a closed heart surgery will have to stay in the hospital for few days. Children who undergo an open heart surgery might require staying in the intensive care unit for 2 to 4 days and will have to stay in the hospital (after out from the ICU) for another 5 to 7 days. Parents and caretakers will be taught on what all activities your child can involve in after leaving the hospital. Your child will require few more weeks of rest at home and might not be allowed to involve in certain activities that might strain the heart. Your doctor will guide you on what all activities can your child involve in and what not to. The outcome of heart surgery depends on the type of surgery undergone, the child's condition and also the seriousness of the defect. However, it is seen that most of the children recover completely and lead a happy, normal and active life.
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Healthy Happy Holidays

The Holidays are meant to be a joyful time, and I'd like to see each of you have the best Kwanzaa and New Years' celebrations ever. Use this holiday season to reconnect with friends and family and to de-stress, sleep late, talk, and enjoy games and the sports, all without incident.
Too many times we build every event around the food. Sure, enjoy the 'good for you foods' and by-pass the unhealthy ones.
I tell clients that the "most important decisions we make each day are all about 'what we eat". Our food choices determine our health and wellbeing. Don't let one or two holidays ruin your life. If you are one of the thousands of persons with diabetes or heart disease this year, decide today that you are in control.
Vow to honor your Divine body, for the glory of Our Father. Here are a few tried and true tips you can lean on, and stay healthy and fit during this wonderful Holiday season.
1. Plan to enjoy your events.
2. Go to bed early, each night, to wake rested and refreshed.
3. Drink lots of water, skip the high calorie - high sugar drinks, and the artificially sweetened ones as well. Have you tried the naturally sparkling water yet? How much water to drink?, One half your body's weight, in ounces of water. Often times we look for something to eat, but are really thirsty. Drink the water first.
4. Eat a hearty salad or a bowl of fresh homemade soup, before you go. Never arrive at a party or dinner hungry. This is a great way to rein in the temptation to eat too much, or to eat the wrong foods.
5. Meet and greet everyone before picking up the food. It's about making the connections.
6. Is there someone you really want to connect with?, Step outside for a quite walk and talk. This is an easy way to add a little exercise to the mix. Dancing too, is great, remember the wonderful oldies.
7. Take a look at the full table before making your selections, make your best choices and leave the rest.
8. If you are the host, or if you are taking a covered dish, make sure to have lots of fresh cut, in season, fruits and veggies. Skip the dressing!
9. When you start filling your plate, begin with the high nutrient veggies. Go light on the processed carbs like commercially prepared sweets, breads, and the no-fiber meats. Eat slowly, enjoying the taste and texture of your food. But more importantly, enjoy the company.
10. Plate ready, now move away from the food and concentrate on the other guests.
Make sure you do what you can to make the right choice, the best choice, and the easy choice. Making good choices can be easy, with just a little forethought and planning.
When the holidays are passed, you'll be so excited about how well you took care of you! No heavy feeling, no stomach upsets, no restless nights, no heart palpitations, and no visits to the emergency room. Remember, Health is a Choice!
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