Kidneys
have a number of important functions to perform in our bodies. Firstly,
they filter the wastes from the bloodstream and help maintain the
balance of electrolytes in the body. They remove the chemical and drug
byproducts as well as the toxins from the blood stream. Further, all
these substances are eliminated from the body along with excess water as
urine. They also play an important role in secreting hormones that
regulate the absorption of calcium from the food - thus improving your
bone strength. Well they help in the production of red blood cells and
regulate the amount of fluid in the circulatory system and hence are
important when it comes to controlling blood pressure.
When the
blood enters the kidneys, it is filtered in two steps. First through
structures called glomeruli and second through a series of tubules
called nephrons. The tubules perform a dual task. They remove the
unwanted substances and also reabsorb the useful substances back into
the blood.
So, what causes kidney failure?
There
are a number of conditions that could contribute to kidney damage. Some
are primary kidney diseases and some are other conditions that
indirectly affect the kidney. Here are a few causes:
· When a kidney is damaged to an extent that it cannot function normally, it caused kidney failure.
·
Kidney failure can happen rapidly or slowly. Rapid failure, or acute
kidney failure as it is called, is usually in response to another
illness in the body that impacts the kidneys. If the underlying cause
can be treated or controlled in time, kidney failure can be prevented.
Slow failures happen in response to a chronic disease such as diabetes
or high blood pressure.
· In some cases, kidney disease is hereditary
· Infections and substances such as drugs can permanently scar the kidneys and lead to failure.
It
is most commonly seen that people with the following conditions are at a
greater than normal risk of developing kidney related problems.
· Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes
· High blood pressure - especially when not controlled in time.
· Liver disease
· Heart disease
· Inherited kidney diseases
· Those taking a lot of antibiotics
Most common symptoms to look out for:
The
symptoms for kidney failure vary widely depending on the cause of the
kidney failure. These symptoms also depend upon the severity of the
condition and the other parts of the body that are affected.
It is
important to note that most people do not show any symptoms at all -
especially in the early stages of the disease. Some display very subtle
or mild symptoms that are very difficult to catch. The most obvious
symptoms appear only when the condition becomes severe or even critical.
Kidney failure is not painful - even when severe. However, watch out
for dehydration, fluid retention, urinating less than usual or nausea,
vomiting or pale skin.
Kidney transplant is considered as a viable
treatment where the non working kidneys are replaced with healthy
kidneys from another person. Your doctor will conduct a series of tests
to ensure that you have a kidney that matches the criteria and will
evaluate your surgical and medical history before the surgery.
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