Simply
put, Leukaemia is a kind of cancer that results in the abnormal
production of white blood cells in the body. The only successful
treatment that had been known for it is chemotherapy, which keeps it
under check. But the recent medical developments have witnessed the use
of cord blood stem cell treatment for Leukaemia patients that aren't
cured by chemotherapy alone.
Understanding Leukaemia
This
disease is a cancer caused in the bone marrow that gradually leads to a
very weak immune system. Individuals affected with this disease often
experience infections. Furthermore, the white blood cells that are
produced rather abnormally starts cluttering the bone marrow prohibiting
the generation of other kinds of blood cells that further causes
bleeding, bruises and also anaemia.
How cord blood stem cell can treat leukaemia?
A
cord blood stem cell transplant engages managing high amounts of
chemotherapy and in some situations radiotherapy to kill the cancerous
cells that's in the patient's bone marrow and blood stream. The new cord
blood stem cells that have been transplanted to the body gradually
learn to settle in the bone marrow, gradually giving birth to the
healthy blood cells. This treatment is only applicable for patient's
that have a critical case of leukaemia.
A story of hope
The
medical globe has been buzzing with success stories of cord blood stem
cell transplant that has cured many chronic ailments. Leukaemia being
one! Here's the account of Lukas Waterman, who happens to be a doctor at
the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis that induces
hope and courage. Lukas was first detected with acute lymphoblastic
leukaemia (ALL) back in 2003. And since then the man has resorted to
almost 70 drugs to heal the disease and opted in for two bone marrow
stem cell transplant to combat his cancer.
His very first stem
cell transplant donor was his brother. Along with the immunosuppressive
drugs this transplant seemed to have been successful without any
complicacies. However, after a couple of years the cancer came back
which made Lukas go in for a second stem cell transplant from a donor
not in the family tree. And though this transplant too had worked for
him, it made him attract another chronic ailment known as the graft vs
host disease (GVHD). This means the stem cell transplant that had
actually healed him was now violently attacking his body. Sometimes GVHD
is a natural off-shoot of bone marrow transplants.
In GVHD the
transplanted immune cells of the donor, medically termed as the T cells
start to grow and then attack the tissues and cells in the body, as it
appears to them that it's an alien invader. In almost 50% of bone marrow
stem cell transplant GVHD is a possible occurrence that has an adverse
effect on the liver, skin, intestines, mouth and eyes.
However,
there's hope for this! A promising stem cell therapy named Prochymal
that has been developed by Dr. Randy Mills, former CIRM President and
CEO, Osiris Therapeutics is known to heal extreme cases
of this disease. Presently, this treatment is in use and being
experimented on the phase 3 trials for young children's and adults in
US.
However, individuals like Lukas Wartman are a real inspiration
to people that have attracted GVHD and have suffered from Leukaemia. He
is also a reason why most medical researchers are practising to arrive
at advanced treatment for this ailment. No doctor wants patients to
suffer either from Leukaemia or GVHD quietly for a prolonged time. The
account of Lukas Wartman is a reminder to the medical sphere that
there's immense work to be in the domain of stem cell bone marrow
transplant to ensure that the adverse side effects are kept in control
and patients don't have to fret about contracting another disease in an
effort to treat one.
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