Glyphosate
was discovered by John E. Franz, an organic chemist who synthesized the
herbicide while working at Monsanto's Company in 1970. This chemical
became, and now remains, the active ingredient in Roundup, a
broad-spectrum herbicide used and sold by Monsanto. Today, it is still
used extensively in agriculture, and by millions of homeowners to
control weeds in their landscapes.
Roundup is applied directly to
the leaves of weeds, and works systemically. This means that once it is
absorbed by the leaf, it spreads throughout the entire plant system. It
kills the plant by interfering with the "shikimate pathway". This seven
step pathway is a metabolic route which is vital to the lifecycle of
bacteria, fungi, algae, and every living plant. When disrupted, the
biosynthesis of necessary folates and aromatic acids such as
phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan are halted. As production of
these proteins fail, plant death is inevitable.
Initially, Roundup
effectively controlled weed growth, however, contact with the crop
plant was detrimental. Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum killer, which
means it cannot distinguish between crop plants and unwanted weed
species. In 1996, Monsanto set out to remedy this problem, by
introducing Roundup Ready soybean. This was the first genetically
engineered crop that was developed by Monsanto. It was created by
introducing a bacterial gene resistant to glyphosate into the DNA of the
soybean. This gene was derived from a type of bacteria called
Agrobacteria, and now allowed farmers to spray Roundup not only the
weeds, but the entire crop without damage.
In consequent years, a
variety of other Roundup Ready crops were developed, including cotton,
corn, sugarbeets and other crops. Roundup was effective until all
susceptible weeds were killed, however, soon resistant weeds began to
dominate farmlands. These "superweeds" did not respond to the same
dosages that killed their susceptible predecessors, therefore, growers
simply increased application rates, to eradicate these superweeds.
The
US Department of Agriculture has estimated that Roundup Ready crops
have resulted in an additional application of 383 million pounds of
herbicides. This increase in the use of glyphosate greatly increases the
likelihood of the chemical running off into nearby ecosystems. At these
elevated concentrations, glyphosate potentially causes environmental
damage, as well as damage to human health.
Monsanto claims that
glyphosates are not toxic to humans because human cells do not function
by the shikimate pathway. This is true, however, the bacteria in our gut
do use this pathway! This means that the glyphosphate residue that we
ingest kills the beneficial bacteria in our digestive systems.
Pathogenic bacteria are not affected, and as a result they dominate the
gut, deplete micronutrients and produce ammonia and formadelhyde
by-products, that toxify the system causing inflammation.
In
addition, the absence of the production of folates and aromatic
compounds cause cell shrinkage, resulting in the leakage of these
produced toxins into the blood stream. This results in the development
of many diseases including encephalitis, Alzheimer's, diabetes, obesity,
cancer and autism to name a few.
The damages and affects of
humans ingesting glyphosate (Roundup) require further investigation. At
present, there are no regulations that require the labeling of products
that contain glyphosate or the incorporation of GMO's. We are the ONLY
country that does not require this! Therefore, many people continue to
suffer unknowingly, completely unaware of the havoc this herbicide is
causing within their bodies.
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